lifespan of a cavapoo. Cavapoo Coat Colors. lifespan of a cavapoo

 
Cavapoo Coat Colorslifespan of a cavapoo The average lifespan of a Cavapoo is between 10 and 15 years

The Cavapoo is an intelligent and curious dog that learns. 97. Cavapoos tend to live from 10 to 14 years. However, dogs with lighter red variants tend to fade off eventually as the puppy grows. Estimated monthly cost = Medium. What is the life expectancy of a Golden Cavapoo? Golden Cavapoos have an average lifespan of 12-15 years. Calculate dog years to human years by breed here. An average Cavapoo can grow from 9 to 14 inches in height, and weigh from 6 to 14 pounds. Domesticated Ducks. The Cavapoo can be house trained fairly quickly. The average lifespan of Cavapoos is 13. Lifespan: 12-15 years: Weight: 13-23 pounds (6-10 kg) Height: 12-16 inches (30-40 cm). The lifespan of hybrid dogs is usually longer than purebred dogs. The average lifespan of Shih Tzu: 13 years. The Cavapoo has a lifespan of 12 to at least 16 years on average. With an average lifespan of 10 to 15 years, understanding the factors that influence their longevity is crucial. As a result, Cavapoo is also at risk of getting epilepsy. Average Lifespan. 6. The Goldendoodle, on the other hand, has a wider range of 10 to about 15 years. Whilst some vets may advise that female dogs should be spay before their first season, others may advise. 6kg) when. The lifespan of the Cavapoo is around 10 to 15 years. Both Cavapoo and Yorkshire Terrier has same life span. 25% Poodle & 18. Features. Consider the standard water heater life expectancy for the current model. It is true some of the health risk of the cavalier and the poodle breed can be eliminated even if the parents of the cavapoo are well bred and come from an outstanding bloodline it still might experience several medical conditions. Website: Henley Cavapoos UK. Cavapoo Lifespan. Micro Cavapoo Vs. Cavachons have a lifespan of 10 to 15 years, while Cavapoodles live for 10 to 14 years. With good care, premium food, regular vet visits and. Unlock the secrets to a long-lasting Cavapoo life and ensure the well-being of your beloved furry companion. This isn’t to say that every Cavapoo is the same way, but I think it definitely speaks to how intelligent the breed can be with a little patience and discipline. Standard poodles have a lifespan of 11. A Miniature Cavapoo usually grows to 12–16 inches tall and weighs between 12–25 pounds. 2. However, their size will vary depending on their parents. The Cavapoo lifespan is 10 to 15 years. With proper care and attention, you can enjoy many happy years with your furry companion. Posted by u/afuctioningadult2020 - 4 votes and 10 commentsQuick Links: Table of Contents Cavapoo Versus Pomeranian: Introduction Cavapoo versus Pomeranian: Overview Cavapoo versus Pomeranian: Comparison Table The Most Remarkable Differences Between the Cavapoo and the Pomeranian The Similarities Between the Cavapoo and the Pomeranian Size (Weight and Height) of Cavapoo. It’s not uncommon for Cavapoochons to live for 15+ years as long as they remain healthy. These little bundles of joy are known for their friendly nature, intelligence, and affectionate personalities. Thus, Cavapoo lifespans are longer than a large breed dog. If you are interested in buying a Cavapoochon puppy online, Prairie Hill can help your find the perfect choice. The modern-day version has the longer muzzle than what the king preferred. Cavapoochon Lifespan. USA HAGERSTOWN,. The average lifespan of Cavapoo: 12 years. What is the average life expectancy / lifespan of a Cavapoo? How long is the lifespan of a Cavapoo? 9-15 years. Cavapoos are small-sized dogs. There was a study conducted that showed that dogs weighing 20 pounds below can live around 11 years which is similar to medium-sized dogs. See more dog videos on the OodleLife YouTube channel. Learn about the average lifespan of Cavapoos, common health problems, and ways to increase their. Whether you're looking for a purebred Australian Shepherd, a hypoallergenic Mini Poodle, a dashing designer breed like the Goldendoodle or the Cavapoo, or the ever-popular Golden Retriever, we've got what you're looking for. Both YorkiePoo and Cavapoo has same life span. Mini Poodle ;. 13 to 15 years is the average lifespan of a Cavapoo. This is due to the fact that small dogs have a longer lifetime in general than the big ones. 5 to 12 years, while toys or miniature poodles live for 14 to 14. Table of Contents. Weather and Climate. The average lifespan of Cavapoo: 12 years. What are common health problems of Cavapoo? Cavapoos are susceptible to genetic health problems because they are a mixed breed designer dog. When fully grown, cockapoos tend to get between 28cm (11”) – 36cm (14. 3. Get expert advice and FAQs answered for a happy and healthy Cavapoo companion The ruby-red colored dogs are likely to have a consistent color all through their lifespan. It’s crafted specifically for your senior Cavapoo to help them stay healthy by supporting lean. Cute Cavapoochon. Here are some guidelines on a way to care for your Cavapoo:. If you're planning to adopt one, read our comprehensive guide about this breed. 54. Health problems are the most common cause of premature death in dogs, and some breeds are more prone to certain health conditions than others. Goldendoodle (Miniature) Male(s) and Female(s), 9 Weeks Old. A relatively healthy dog breed, they have a lifespan of between 10 – 15 years. There are rescues for these dogs, and you can find them in shelters as well. An F1B Cavapoo is more likely to be allergy-friendly or hypoallergenic. Life expectancy depends on various factors like genes, overall health, physical activity, and the type of food they eat. Cavapoo Life Span. Genetics, lifestyle choices, diet, exercise, sleep, and stress management all play a role. They’re also known for being playful and energetic, always ready for a game or adventure. The lifespan of the Cavapoo is between 10 to 15 years as a hybrid dog. Their typical lifespan of around 25 years is common, but some Bald eagles will reach the age of 30 or over. Their life. The average lifespan of Cavapoo: 12 years. The average life expectancy of a Cavapoo is between 13 and 15 years when properly cared for and fed an appropriate good quality diet to suit their ages. Discover how to care for your adult Cavapoo with this comprehensive guide. The Cavapoo lifespan is 10 to 15 years. But of course, how long your cavapoo lives will be influenced by many more factors than this simple statistic. Fun fact: some Cavapoos have been known to live to be even 20 years old! If you purchase a cheap Cavapoo, you might not get these 13 to 15 years. 2kg). However, individual dogs may live shorter or longer lives depending on various factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and healthcare. But Yorkshire Terrier requires High maintenanceThe lifespan of a Cavapoo typically ranges from 12 to 15 years. When it comes to the Cavapoo vs Goldendoodle lifespan, the smaller Cavapoo does have a slight edge in this area. They. We saw 78 Cavapoo claims for the condition in 2021 and it’s expensive to treat. Cavapoos tend to retain the. Cavoodle vs. Embark dog DNA tests screen for 250+ genetic health risks, including a number that are particularly important for Cavapoo owners to. History and Origin of Mini Cavapoos . Aim to visit the vet at least twice a year to keep your cavapoo in tip-top shape. For example, fruit flies live a little longer than house flies. The size of a dog is found by measuring from their paw to their shoulder blades. Lifespan: 10 – 15 years; Exercise: At least 1 hour a day; Grooming needs: Moderate; Family-friendly: Yes;. Appearance. On average, Cavapoos live for 9 to 15 years. Although mixed breeds are known for being generally healthier breeds due to the out-breeding of health issues, they can still be prone to health problems their parent breeds face. Cavapoochons have an average lifespan of 12 to 15 years however they are known to live for 15+ years. Are Cavapoos easy to train? Yes, Cavapoos are often praised for their intelligence and eagerness to please, making them relatively easy to train. Lifespan. Proper care, nutrition, exercise, and regular veterinary check-ups can contribute to a. Just. These are just a few components of a Cavapoo price. Both Cavapoo and Yorkshire Terrier has same life span. The size of this crossbreed depends on the Poodle size, the standard size is about 9 to 14 inches, weighing between 9 to 25 pounds. However, references other than the American Kennel Club suggest that the. How long do Cavachon, Cavapoo and Cockapoo breeds live? Which one has a longer lifespan/life expectancy? 9-15 years. Caring for your Cavapoo. The term “designer breed” refers to a mixed breed dog of two purebred parents chosen for certain desirable attributes, for example the non-shedding coat of a Poodle with the friendliness of a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. Cavapoos have become really popular in the UK over the course of the last couple of decades as they have become ever-more widely spread and well known about, and. By providing the right care and attention, you can help your Cavapoo thrive and enjoy a long, fulfilling life with you and your family. How long do cavapoo live for? In the dog world, and average lifespan can be 8 to 15 years depending on the breed. Email: info@henleypoos. Our puppies become house trained at a very young age by being fully litter trained at eight weeks. They tend to live longer than most Poodles and other hybrids due to the genetic longevity of both parent breeds. Physical characteristics of the Cavapoo . The exact height measurements of both breeds largely depend on the size of the poodle. Life Span Comparison Between Cockapoos and Cavapoos. The Impact of Size on Lifespan of cavapoo ; Lifestyle Changes That Can Prolong Your Cavapoo’s Health and Happiness;Cavapoo Lifespan. Miniature Poodles live for 14 years on average, and up to 18. The average claim cost £839. The oldest Goldfish ever recorded died at the age of 43 years old!Here we list ten animals that would have the longest lifespans living under ideal circumstances. Both breeds can live longer with proper care and a healthy lifestyle. The average lifespan of Maltese: 16 years. 75% Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. As they rarely shed, Cavapoos are a popular choice for people who suffer from allergies. Cavapoo Lifespan. Both Cavapoo and Yorkshire Terrier has almost same litter size. Ears: Their ears are long, silky and floppy. See moreLife Span: 12 to 15 years Temperament: Friendly, affectionate, gentle, playful, loyal, even-tempered Hypoallergenic: Yes. Standard Cavapoo Lifespan. E . 5% Poodle 12. A Miniature Cavapoo will grow to about 12 to 16 inches (30cm to 40cm) tall at the shoulder and will weigh 20 to 30 pounds (9. 1. The average lifespan of a Cavapoo is around 12-15 years, while a Cocker Spaniel’s lifespan is around 12-14 years. The standard Yorkie is the mid-sized Yorkshire Terrier. The Cavapoo is an intentional mix or crossbreed of two dog breeds, the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and Poodle. 41. The lifespan of Cavapoos is determined by the genetics and background of. List of countries and dependencies in the world ranked by life expectancy at birth, both sexes, males and females. 68. Lifespan of Cavapoo Vs Goldendoodle. This mix often combines the gentle, loving nature of the Cavalier with the intelligence and hypoallergenic coat of the Poodle. Black Cavoodle. They are also known as mega cavapoo sizes or jumbo cavapoo sizes . However, some very lucky pups can even live up to 20 years old! Are Cavapoos Good For First Time Owners? Yes, Cavapoos can be excellent pets even for first time dog owners! They’re super friendly, affectionate, and outgoing. Cavapoos have a relatively long lifespan, typically ranging from 12 to 15 years. Brush your Golden Cavapoo’s coat several times a week to prevent tangles and matting, and trim it every few months to maintain a neat appearance. Lifespan: 13 - 15 years ; Weight: 5-10kg ; Size: 33-45cm ; Most Cavapoos have small round faces, floppy ears, and large eyes. The average lifespan is 14 years. The breeder’s reputation and size of Cavapoo pup can up the price, as can the pedigree and genetics of the parents. Kristin is passionate about helping pet parents create a fulfilling life with their pets by informing them on the latest scientific research and. Unfortunately, the Cavapoo is no different. The size of a Cavapoo can vary depending on the size of the Poodle used in the breeding process. Discover the secrets to a long and healthy life for your Cavapoo. Cavapoo versus Maltipoo: Life span Which breed has a longer lifespan a Maltipoo or Cavapoo? Maltipoo's lifespan is from 13 to 14 years on average. Meet The MaltipooThe Cavapoo has an average lifespan of 10 to 15 years. Which is a lot in the canine world. If you’re concerned about keeping your Cavapoo healthy during his older years, Orijen Senior dog food will support long-life vitality. What is the average lifespan of a Cavapoo? The average lifespan of a Cavapoo is around 12 to 15 years. Cavapoos are sensitive to the moods of their humans. This color is arguably the strongest and dominant among the Cavapoo breed. Their lifespan is slightly longer than Teacup Cavapoos however they can still suffer from size related health issues as they are still a very small breed. 6. These dogs are the “original” Yorkies in terms of size. 7cm) and will weigh 25 to 40 pounds (11. The hybrid is very rare but it’s very much admirable seeing it has an incredible lifespan of 18-20 years. Table of Contents. The final, and one of the easiest ways to help your Cockapoo live a longer and healthier life, is taking them on regular walks every day. Labradoodle Lifespan. Cavapoos are designer dogs with a long life span. Smaller breeds are usually more likely to outlive larger breeds. Colours range from a solid black Cavapoo gold, white, chocolate, fawn and grey. A Cavapoos typical coat is short, silky, and wavy or curly. Havapoo: Tends to be more energetic and playful. Keep in mind that sweets and snacks should not. Maltese Yorkie Mix is a cross of purebred Maltese and a purebred Yorkshire Terrier, also known as Morkie, or Morkshire Terrier. The method developed by the Purdue University veterinarian researchers took into account the lifespan and size of Cavapoo in converting Cavapoo age to human age. Mental exercise is. The lifespan of Cavapoos is between 12 to 15 years. Black Cavoodle. The Cavapoo is not know to be a barker. Wild ducks, and ducklings in particular, are relatively easy prey for many larger birds, and survival rates. They typically weigh between 10 and 25 pounds and. 2 How Can You Increase Cavapoo Lifespan; 1. Breeders aimed to. 10-12 years. Cavapoos have a lifespan of about fifteen years. The Cavapoo is a cross of a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and a Poodle, also known as Cavoodle. The average lifespan of Cavapoo: 12 years. The average lifespan of a Cavapoo is between 12-15 years when properly cared for with attention to their physical and emotional well-being as potential service pets or emotional support animals (source). What factors can affect the lifespan of a Cavapoo? The lifespan of a Cavapoo can be affected by various factors such as genetics, diet,. They have a longer lifespan of about 12 to 15 years. Smaller Cavapoos tend to live longer than larger ones, as they have less strain on their organs and joints. 2Related Cavapoo Puppy content: If you ever decide to purchase a Cavapoo, choosing a puppy is the best way to familiarize your new dog to its family and to get the most time with your new Cavapoo. Life Expectancy. That is a generous amount of time to spend with your four-legged friends. Micro Cavapoo Vs. DogBreedInfos. Larger dogs do not live as long. F1b Cavapoo lifespan. Cavapoo: Slightly larger, with an average height of 9-15 inches and a weight of 9-25 pounds. 2kg). The predecessor was selectively bred with the Pug. F2BB Cavapoo: 81. 9 – 14 inches. When it comes to feeding your Cavapoo, your lifestyle and the amount of time you have available should play a role in the decision-making process. Speaking of health, Cavapoos are a fairly healthy breed, but they do have a few possible health issues that you should keep an eye out for, including ear infections, mitral valve disease (heart disease), skin allergies, and luxating patellas (kneecap issues). Temperament. a first-generation Yorkie-Poo is achieved by crossing two purebreds. Again, their lifespan can vary depending upon their genetics, health conditions, lifestyle, diet etc. How to take care of your Cavapoo. Cavapoo and Cavoodle are two names for the same breed of dog. A cocker spaniel will live about 11 to 12 years, so you can assume that a cockapoo’s lifespan will be about 13 years. Generally, they are considered a fairly healthy breed and with proper nutrition, exercise, and preventative health care their lifespan can be extended even further. Life Span Comparison Between Cockapoos and Cavapoos. The average lifespan of Cavapoo: 12. Fully grown Beagles need at least 2 hours of exercise a day. Hip dysplasia, cataracts, heart. 5 years. A average lifespan of cavapoo is between 10 and 15 years, with some living up to 20 years of age. If you want to give your Toy Cockapoo the best chance of living a long life, make sure you give them a good amount of exercise each day and feed them a healthy diet. Start training at 3 to 6 months old. F2 cavapoo Lifespan. Many dog owners would consider this a reasonably long life, but if you wish to cherish more time with your buddy, increasing your awareness of what commonly affects. This means that the Cavapoo will also have a longer lifespan than the parent breeds. 1kg to 13. Baltic, OH. For reference, standard Yorkies have the same lifespan as Poodles, Malteses, and Pomeranians. Temperament Traits. They’ll still need proper care through their diet and exercise. The lifespan of Cavapoos is between 12 to 15 years. The modern-day version has the longer muzzle than what the king preferred. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. An F1b Cavapoo on the other hand requires one of the parent dogs to be an F1 Cavapoo and the other parent dog to either be a purebred Cavalier or a purebred Poodle. Lifespan: 12-15 years. Lifespan: 12-16 years: 10-14 years: Key Differences Between Shih Poo vs Cavapoo. Body: The physique is small yet has good proportions. Cavapoos are small to medium-sized, high-energy dogs that require a nutritious diet to thrive. Weather and Climate. The lifespan of an f2 cavapoo is approximately 10 to 15 years. Both King Charles I and his son Charles II fancied this breed. However, a 20-lb Cavapoo will likely endure the tuggings of little tyke better than an 8-lb Maltipoo. What is the Cavapoo Temperament Like? They are known for being Social, Loving, Intellect, Adaptable, playful, and a strong desire to please. But based on their genetics and parents, they may cost closer to $2,000. The Cavapoo is a mixed breed that combines the intelligence of a poodle with the loving nature of a cavalier King Charles spaniel. Cavalier King Charles Spaniel can live up to 11-13 years, and a poodle can reach up to 15 years of age. All dogs with the CPR live at the Dreamweaver Farm. Similarly, cavapoo weight and height range between 8–25 pounds and 9–14 inches, respectively. Prestige Cavapoo is owned and run by Nik and his spouse, Becky. However, this can vary depending on a number of factors, including genetics, diet, exercise, and overall health. They enjoy a variety of. The traits in an F1 litter can vary significantly, as their genetic makeup is roughly 50-50 mix of both the purebred Yorkshire Terrier and Poodle. The average lifespan of Shichons is 15. Cavapoo Dogs: The Perfect Mix of Poodle and Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. Dogs For Sale. How long a Shih Tzu will live can range anywhere from 10 to 18 years, with an average lifespan of 13. A cavapoo lifespan is 10 to 15 years on average. An F1 Cavapoo is the result of mating a purebred Cavalier King Charles Spaniel to a purebred Poodle. A Cavapoo is a cross between a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and a Poodle, and it is one of the most popular designer breeds in the world. Cavapoo: Slightly larger, with an average height of 9-15 inches and a weight of 9-25 pounds. 01. Facebook: Henley Cavapoos UK Facebook page. Cavapoochons have an average lifespan of 12 to 15 years however they are known to live for 15+ years. Cavapoos (and, thus, Cavoodles) weigh anywhere from 9-20 pounds. By understanding the various factors that affect a Cavapoo's lifespan, you can take steps to promote their life expectancy and provide them with a happy and healthy life. Long Life Expectancy. . Routine Vet Care (Healthy Dog) General cavapoo maintenance usually involves vaccines ($20–30 per dose) and heartworm tests ($40 each). By giving your dog regular exercise will also keep them fit and healthy. As a cross breed, the Cavoodle is in a lower risk pool for developing significant health issues, although some do occasionally occur in. Expect to pay $1500 and up for a Cavapoo puppy from a reputable breeder. Some of the most common ailments for this mixed breed are:Goldendoodle vs Cavapoo: Lifespan. F2 cavapoo Temperament, Size, Lifespan, Adoption. Find the dog breed that is right for you. Weight: 3 – 8 kg. Small (0 – 25 lbs)Life Expectancy. There is a difference in the size of a male and a female f2 cavapoo dog. The Cavapoo (aka Cavoodle) is a cross between Cavalier Spaniel and Poodle. Their lifespan can greatly vary depending upon genetics, health conditions, lifestyle, diet etc. Pricing will vary from coloring to specific size, but expect to pay anywhere from $3000 to $5000 for a Mini Bernedoodle from a reputable well-known breeder – and more expensive doesn’t necessarily mean better! Meanwhile, Mehnoosh suggested that a price range of $2000 to $6000 for Mini Bernedoodles. The good news is Cavapoo dogs can live for a long time. What is the average lifespan of a Cavapoo? The average lifespan of a Cavapoo is around 12 to 15 years. Weather and Climate. Taking good care of your pup and providing them with a high quality of life will help ensure they live their longest, healthiest life possible. Both cavapoo “parents” can boast a fairly good life span. Soft, short curly and coat. On the other hand, Maltipoos can be smaller (20 – 35cm, 2 – 20kg) and live for only 10 to 13. “During proestrus/estrus, vasodilation occurs, increasing the blood supply of the uterus. With black, white, tan, and ruby from one side and apricot, blue, brown, grey, silver from the other side, along with a few other shades we didn’t mention, that leaves a host of coat color options for your Cavapoo pups. Cavapoo. Lifespan. | 16th Oct 2023 | For Sale by Alison Jenkins. In captivity, the outlook is more encouraging, with many domestically raised ducks living for up to 20 years or more. Calculate dog years to human years by breed here . Browse Puppies Browse Stud Dogs Browse Breeders. Smaller Cavapoos will live longer, and the larger sized Cavapoos trend towards the lower end of the range. As a small breed dog, a cavapoochon is considered fully grown by the time they get to one year old. (24 – 35cm, 5 – 10kg) and have a longer lifespan of 12 to 15 years. Crossbreed dogs inherit a genetic trait. Like other mixed breeds, they are predisposed to the health concerns that affect their parent breeds. But how much does a Cavapoo cost, and what factors affect its price? The average price for a Cavapoo is around $1,200 to $2,000 for puppies and for adult it may go upto $4500. Life. A Cavapoo has a long life span of 10 to 16 years. Care and Maintenance of Toy. Cavapoos have a price tag of $1,200 to $2,000 when purchased from a reputable Cavapoo breeder. Females may weigh lighter and small in size. The Cavapoo is a popular type of hybrid dog, created by breeding a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (CKCS) with a Toy Poodle. • 21 March 2022. Blue Buffalo Life Protection formulas also contain a Super 7 package of antioxidants which support a healthy immune system and protect against oxidative stress over the Cavapoo’s long lifespan. Cavapoo Health Issues (The Ultimate Guide With Symptoms) By Colin June 21, 2023 July 6, 2023 This guide will highlight Cavapoo health issues and challenges that you may face as a Cavapoo dog owner. Cavapoo Life Span. co. Have access to water and opportunities to have a break every 20 minutes. Cavapoochon Lifespan. Baltic, OH. Plus, any of these colours with white. If we want to learn more about the Havanese-Poodle mix, we must first understand both of the parent breeds. Of. You can also get F1b Micro Cavapoos which are slightly smaller however they are extremely rare. Quick Links: Table of Contents Cavapoo Versus Pug: Introduction Cavapoo versus Pug: Overview Cavapoo versus Pug: Comparison Table The Most Remarkable Differences Between the Cavapoo and the Pug The Similarities Between the Cavapoo and the Pug Size (Weight and Height) of Cavapoo versus Pug Lifespan of Cavapoo versus Pug. Apricot Cavapoos. Morning Side Cavapoos Puppies Texas. Cavapoos are full of beans, so they’re suited to dog lovers with lively. Always bring your pooch to the veterinarian at least once a year for a check-up. 5 years. On the other hand, Cavapoos can average. The Goldendoodle, on the other hand, has a wider range of 10 to about 15 years. 2. They tend to get clingy and follow you everywhere (including. Ace. Cavapoos weigh 9 to 25 pounds. Breeding healthy genetically tested Cavapoos and King Charles Cavaliers. Generally speaking, smaller Cavapoos. Chocolate Labradors have a shorter lifespan by a year compared to other colors. Do Cavapoo get along well with children? Yes, Cavapoo are generally known to be great with children. While not necessarily specific to Cavapoos, many small breed dogs are at risk for developing a luxating patella. Maltipoos are also warm and affectionate with a sociable temperament. It is also a cross-breed, and cross-breeds are also known to have longer life spans than other breeds which are often in-bred. Their average life expectancy is anywhere from 10 to 14 years, but many Cavapoos have been known to live for up to 20 years. Life Expectancy. Cavapoos tend to be a healthy breed , with a typical lifespan of 12–15 years. By inheriting some of the best traits from its parents, the Cavapoo is an extremely trainable and obedient breed that loves to please its owner. With lots of energy to burn and an inquisitive nature, be sure to give it plenty of exercise and mental stimulation. Our exclusive network of. He basically potty trained himself.